What is the solution for Israel & Palestine
International & regional bodies
The European Commission proposes suspending EU-Israel trade concessions, sanctioning extremist ministers and violent settlers, and pausing bilateral support to Israel, while demanding an immediate Gaza ceasefire, unrestricted humanitarian access, release of all hostages, and continued commitment to a two-state solution.
Governments & official records
Governments in the corpus converge on a two-state solution through different instruments: Italy co-sponsored the UN's New York Declaration for a Palestinian state free of Hamas; the GCC's Sakhir Declaration backs two states and Gaza's reconstruction; and the US-brokered Abraham Accords frame Israeli-Arab normalization as a path toward 'a just, comprehensive, realistic and enduring solution' to the conflict.
- Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace, Diplomatic Relations and Full Normalization Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel · state.gov
- Italy votes in favour of UN Resolution supporting the Two-State Solution · esteri.it
- GCC Summit concludes with Sakhir Declaration calling for greater unity · newsonair.gov.in
Research institutes
CFR's tracker notes an October 2025 ceasefire that freed all remaining hostages and set up a technocratic Palestinian governing committee for Gaza, but records that Hamas dissolved its Gaza government while still refusing to disarm.
News & reporting
The UN's New York Declaration lays out a roadmap of ceasefire, hostage release, a sovereign Palestinian state, Hamas's disarmament and exclusion from governance, and regional normalization with security guarantees; Israel's ambassador dismissed it, and the UK's parallel move to declare the occupation illegal and sanction settlements drew Israeli consulate closures and retaliatory measures.
- UK recognises 'ethnic cleansing' in West Bank, sanctions settlements and declares Israeli occupation illegal · middleeasteye.net
- General Assembly endorses New York Declaration on two-State solution between Israel and Palestine · ungeneva.org
- FM Sa'ar: Israel to close UK consulate in east Jerusalem, expel reps. from CMCC over sanctions · jpost.com
Justice Council Political Analysis
The internationally proposed solution is a negotiated two-state outcome - immediate Gaza ceasefire, hostage release, Hamas's disarmament and exclusion from governance, a viable and sovereign Palestinian state, security guarantees for Israel, and regional normalization - set out declaratively in the New York Declaration and echoed by the EU, GCC and Italy. Its stalled implementation owes chiefly to Israel's rejection of the framework and continued settlement expansion, Hamas's refusal to disarm, and Security Council paralysis among major powers.
Moving from declaration to enforceable process requires binding Security Council backing (not just a declaratory resolution), verified Hamas disarmament and handover of Gaza governance, an Israeli settlement freeze consistent with the ICJ's 2024 opinion, and sustained collective economic leverage such as the EU's trade suspension and coordinated settlement-goods bans.
Conclusion
The proposed solution across the corpus is a negotiated two-state outcome, most concretely detailed in the UN's New York Declaration: an immediate Gaza ceasefire, release of all hostages, a viable and sovereign Palestinian state, Hamas's disarmament and exclusion from governance, security guarantees for Israel, and normalization with Arab states. The EU, Italy and the GCC back this framework with their own instruments, but Israel rejects the Declaration and continues settlement expansion, Hamas has not disarmed, and enforcement relies on contested economic pressure rather than binding mechanisms.